ABSTRACT
Introduction@#One of the main ingredients of Anar-5 tablets is Piper longium L. Piperine alkaloids are the main active ingredients of the Piper longum and have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and gastric protection properties.In the framework of the standardization study of Anar-5 tablets, a method was developed to determine the content of piperine in highly perpormance liquid chromatography, and then it was sought to include it in the method of analysis of Anar-5 drugs.@*Goal@#Quantitative determination of piperine in Anar-5 tablets and validate the method@*Material and Methods@#The research was conducted in the Chemistry and Chemical Technology Laboratory of the Research Center of the Institute of Traditional Medicine and Technology. And Anar-5 tablets (serial number 04012020) that are produced for experimental were used in the research. The standard substance, piperine alkaloids, was purchased from Green Chemistry.Purification of HPLC (organic solvent methanol, 99.9%, distilled water) was used. The EX 1600 HP/ PUMP high-performance liquid chromatography instrument (column Arcus EP+-C18, 5µm, 4.6x250 mm) and the organic solvent filter 0.45 μm syringe filter were used. The methodology related to this research was discussed and approved at the online meeting of the Ethics Committee of the Academy of Sciences on January 26, 2021. SPSS 16 software was used to statistically program the survey results.@*Results @#According to the above method, the retention time of the standard piperine is 10.38± 0.02 minutes, and the retention time of the piperine in Anar-5 tablets is 10.42±0.033 minutes. Relative velocity deviation RSD 1.077%, accuracy 0.65446±0.0068mg, stability 0.61298±0.013mg, capture time 10.42±0.033 minutes, relative standard deviation RSD≤2%, specificity 10.35 minutes, The equation of a line constructed with a standard curve is y=43360x-33587 and the correlation coefficient R2=0.9989. The piperine content of Anar-5 tablets was determined to be 0.61298±0.013 mg. The LOD and LOQ for piperine were in 2.268 μg/ml and 6.873 μg/ml, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The content of piperine in Anar-5 tablets can be determined by the HPLC method, and the appropriate conditions for this method have been established. The HPLC method is unique, accurate, linear, and stable, and meets ICH Q2 (R1) guideline criteria.
ABSTRACT
@#BACKGROUND: The Mongolian National drug policy states, “The rational drug rehabilitation is one of the main goals of pharmaceutical care”. Recruitment and prescription medications are important issues for improving rational use of medicines. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), the status of rational use of medicines is assessed through the recipe by 10 criteria. The needs to study on rational drug use in hospitals of Ulaanbaatar and determining standard criteria for the proper use of drugs by recommendation of World Health Organization is the main justified issue of the study. @*METHODS@# In order to study the rational use of medicines, a single moment /descriptive/ research type was used. Recipes for 50 and 50 people who received prescription from pharmacy within 12 hospitals TFCHM, TSCHM, TTCHM, NCCD, NTaORC, NCMH, HCSKhD, HCChD, HCSBD, HCKhUD, HCBZD, HCBGD June 2017 in Ulaanbaatar, it was based on the WHO recommended methodology, a total of 600 clients, 600 recipes and 1249 medicines were selected and submitted to the conclusions. @*RESULTS@#The average number of medicines per minute was 2.08 ± 0.25, 45.2% in International Health Prescription were 42.6% antibiotics. According to a study on a contingency test, 85% did not have prescription signs, 38.8% without diagnostic prescription, 25% did not have physicians, and 48% did not have any medical information. The knowledge about the dose was 68.5% .@*CONCLUSION@#The results of the study were compared with the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the proportion of medicines included in the ICS list was lower than the recommendations of the World Health Organization list and the proportion of antibiotic drugs. The study found that 11 different incidents were encountered. Knowledge about medicines dose was 68.5%, compared to World Health Organization recommendations
ABSTRACT
@#BACKGROUND. As long ago times or perhaps longer, people were using insects as medicines for healing wounds, preventing infections and improving health. Some of these are purely anecdotal, while others have proven basis in fact as tested by modern medicine.Usage of insects intraditional medicine was recorded since time immemorial.Insects and their substances have been used as medicinal resources by different cultures since ancient time because of chemical compounds - e.g. pheromones, defensive sprays, venoms and toxins, which were sequestered fromplants or prey and later concentrated or transformed for their own use.In many parts of the world,different sections of the society have been using medico-entomological drugs to this day in their lives.A numberof studies has in recent years drawn attention to thetherapeutic value of certain species of insects, their products, and their developmental stages.As has been documented insects can be a source of drugs used in modern medicine, since compounds of insect origin can have immunological, analgesic, antibacterial, diuretic, anaesthetic and anti-rheumatic, antitumor properties. Numerous insect originated materia medicain Mongolian traditional medicine contribute this source of therapeutics and variety of ancientmedical treatises by local authors as well as translations of renowned Ayurvedic medical books about animals as medicine exist.Knowledge about therapy with insects in Mongolian traditional medicine is less studied even they have been used broadly since ancient time. Several orthodox practitioners have surveyed the therapeutic potentials of defensive agents in dark beetleknown as “stink beetle” in the past.Yet the scientific community has to give thismajor and crucial component of traditional Mongolian medicine the attention it deserves, scientific knowledge about biologically active principles within medicinal insect remain poorly unknown. AIM OF STUDY.To define chemical analysis of ethanol whole body extract of Tenebrionid beetles. METHOD AND RESULT. We collected Tenebrionid beetles from local regions including desert, grassland, and to make an 40% ethanol extract of whole body to determine species of Tenebrionid beetles by entomoscope. After 30 days for saving in organic extract, to determine chemical composition of filtered 2 ml sample solution by high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Using digital usb microscope 2.0 mp to confirm special characters of Tenebrionid beetles to Tenebrionid B.miliaria in biological termin. In HPLC-MS, octadecanoic acid is presented in 2 regional samples. CONCLUSION. Octadecanoic acid, the surface lipid of the insect was determined from the ethanol whole body extract of Tenebrionid beetles.
ABSTRACT
Tea is a product which contains of natural antioxidants for relaxation, prevention and healing effects, biofl avonoids, isofl avonoids, organic acids, glycoside and other substances. In order to use this valuable natural commodity economically with keeping the ecologicalbalance and provide quality and safety, nowadays, fi ltered tea bags become popularfor producing. The international standards forinfusion substance portion, antioxidants content, and quality and safety specifi cations for this type of tea are the important measures for preventing of fake products. The sustainable quality study is one of the main parameters, indicating the drug quality, safety and effects. The validity and storageconditions of the drug and its active agents are determined by the study.Aim: To determine the validity /expirationperiod/ of liver protection effect “Tunamal” tea by studying the parameters of its sustainable qualityObjective: To defi ne the expiration time by analyzing annually the moisture, ash, infusion substance, essential oil, appearanceof dry substances, ascorbic acid, content ofthe fl avonoids, mixture of heavy metals and microbiological parametersMaterials and methodologyCommodity of the study, which are the creeping thyme and rosehips fruits, were collected from the territory of Erdene county of Central province and Eruu county of Selenge province respectively; and dried in accordance with the standards. The moisture, ash, infusion substance, essential oil, appearance of dry substance, ascorbic acid, content of all fl avonoids wereanalyzed by methods set by Mongolian national pharmacopoeia, radioactive contamination and presence of heavy metals – by atomic absorption spectrometric method, afl atoxin B1 and pesticide residues – by thin-layer chromatography respectively,; and microbial contamination was analyses in the Steward geological laboratory in the culture medium as well as in the drug inspection laboratory of the State professional inspection authority.
ABSTRACT
Background: The main principles of pharmacotherapy are to provide pharmaceutical care with right medicine, right doses, in right time. If, the treatment plan can be in evidence based, it will improve treatment efficacy and safety, can prevent from drug related adverse event and reduce the health care costs.Assessing the drug related problems in elderly patients is a main health care and safety issue for the health care system.Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of major cause of mortality and one of the main diseases of morbidity in Mongolia and in the Worldwide.Objective: Aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective study on inappropriate prescribing pattern among elderly patients with Ischemic heart disease who were treated in tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar.Methods: Total of 438 patient’s records who were treated with diagnosis of IHD during the 2011 – 2012, was collected randomly from main three state hospitals of Ulaanbaatar. A retrospective analysis of inappropriate drug prescription was used Beers criteria (2012).Variables of study were patient’s diagnosis, age, sex, names, doses and route of medications.Results: The mean age of the participants was 67.38±0.24 and 54.6% of participants were male and 44.4% were female.The trends of rational use of drug and number of drug and drug cost per patients were different in each tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar. In I state hospital, number and cost of drug per patients were higher than second and third state hospitals. The result were shown that in all three hospitals, more than 50 percent of total drugs per patients were injection, less than 50 percent of total use drug per patients were from standard therapeutic guideline.The most common inappropriately used drugs were as follows: amiodarone (16% at the I state hospital; 10% at the II state hospital; 3% at the III state hospital), dipyridamole (51% at the I state hospital; 3% at the II state hospital), amitriptyline (29% at the I state hospital; 20% at the III state hospital), nifedipine (33% at the II state hospital).The use of that are inappropriate with certain medical conditions were common in case of IHD patients with peptic ulcer comorbidity. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug + acetyl salicylic acid combination were used in 3% of patients at the I state hospital, in 4% of patients at the II state hospital and 1% of patients at the III state hospital.Conclusion: Among the medications used to elderly patients with IHD, 15 medications were listed in potentially inappropriate medication in elderly (Beers criteria) independent of diagnosis. In I and II state hospitals, usage of potentially inappropriate medication were greater than III state hospital.
ABSTRACT
Background: The main principles of pharmacotherapy are to provide pharmaceutical care with right medicine, right doses, in right time. If the treatment plan can be evidence based, it will improve treatment efficacy andsafety, can prevent from drug related adverse event and reduce the health care costs. Assessing the drug related problems in elderly patients is a main health care and safety issue for the health care system. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of major cause of mortality and one of the main diseases of morbidity in Mongolia and in the Worldwide.Objective: Aim of this study was to conduct aretrospective study on inappropriate prescribingpattern among elderly patients with Ischemic heart disease who were treated in tertiary level hospitals ofUlaanbaatar.Methods: Total of 438 patient’s records who were treated with diagnosis of IHD during the 2011 –2012, was collected randomly from main three state hospitals of Ulaanbaatar. A retrospective analysis of inappropriate drug prescription was used Beers criteria (2012).Variables of study were patient’s diagnosis, age, sex,names, doses and route of medications.Results: The mean age of the participants was67.38±0.24 and 54.6% of participants were male and 44.4% were female. The trends of rational use of drug and number of drug and drug cost per patients were different in each tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar. In I state hospital, number and cost of drug per patients werehigher than second and third state hospitals. The result were shown that in all three hospitals, more than 50 percent of total drugs per patients were injection, less than 50 percent of total used drug per patients were from standard therapeutic guideline. The most common inappropriately used drugs were as follows: amiodarone (16% at the I state hospital; 10% at the II state hospital; 3% at the III state hospital),dipyridamole (51% at the I state hospital; 3% at the II state hospital), amitriptyline (29% at the I state hospital; 20% at the III state hospital), nifedipine (33% at the II state hospital).The use of that are inappropriate with certain medicalconditions were common in case of IHD patients with peptic ulcer comorbidity. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug + acetyl salicylic acid combination were used in 3% of patients at the I state hospital, in 4% of patients at the II state hospital and 1% of patients at the III state hospital.Conclusion: Among the medications used for elderly patients with IHD, 15 medications were listed in potentially inappropriate medication in elderly (Beers criteria) independent of diagnosis. In I and II state hospitals, usage of potentially inappropriate medication were greater than III state hospital.Key words: inappropriate drug, Beers criteria,ischemic heart disease, treatment guideline
ABSTRACT
IntroductionThe main principles of pharmacotherapy are to provide pharmaceutical care with right medicine, right doses, in right time. If, the treatment plan can be in evidence based, it will improve treatment efficacy and safety, can prevent from drug related adverse event and reduce drug cost. Ischemic heart disease is one of major cause of mortality and one of the main diseases of morbidity in Mongolia and in the Worldwide.GoalAim of study was to conduct retrospective study on medications used for in-patients with Ischemic heart disease of tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar.Materials and MethodTotal of 438 patient’s records was collected randomly from 3 state hospitals, which were treated with diagnosis of ICD. Variables of study were patient’s diagnosis, age, sex, names, doses and route of medications.ResultThe trends of rational use of drug and number of drug and drug cost per patients were different in each tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar. In I national hospital, number and cost of drug per patients were higher than second and third state hospitals. The result were shown that in all three hospitals, more than 50 percent of total drugs per patients were injection, less than 50 percent of total used drug per patients were from standard therapeutic guideline. In second state hospital, anticoagulant and anti-platelet agents were chosen less than first and third state hospitals. In order to decrease cardiac oxygen demand and improve cardiac microcirculation, nitrates were chosen mostly in second and third state hospitals but, beta blockers were chosen mostly in first state hospital.ConclusionThe study results shown the treatment pattern and trends of rational use of drugs in in patients with ischemic heart disease have been different in tertiary level hospitals of Ulaanbaatar.